Description
When you have trouble sleeping, it shows in your body and mind. Over time, these issues can impact your routine and well-being.
If you are suffering from sleep disruptions, your doctor may recommend Eszopiclone. As it is a Z-drug/non-benzodiazepine hypnotic, it acts on your central nervous system. It may help your body settle into sleep.
Doctors often recommend it for short-term use only. This is because it has the potential to induce tolerance and dependence when used for longer periods.
It is a prescription-only medicine (POM). Therefore, do not self-medicate. Always consult your doctor for the safest use.
How Eszopiclone Works
This is how it works:
- It gets absorbed into your bloodstream after oral administration
- It reaches your brain, especially the areas that control sleep and wakefulness
- Your brain uses a natural calming chemical called GABA
- Eszopiclone enhances the effect of GABA
- As a result, overactive brain signals begin to slow down
- You feel calmer and less alert
- You fall asleep more easily
- You are less likely to wake up during the night
- Your sleep becomes more continuous and restful
This medicine supports your natural sleep process rather than forcing sleep. However, the effectiveness of this medicine can vary among individuals.
Key Benefits of Eszopiclone
Eszopiclone provides you with the following benefits if used for the short term as prescribed:
- Helps you fall asleep faster
- Reduces night-time waking and improves sleep continuity
- Supports longer sleep, so you feel more refreshed the next day
- It may improve sleep quality and support better morning alertness
- In some cases, it is used for longer-term sleep issues. However, such use is only under medical supervision.
Who Can Use Eszopiclone
Eszopiclone is usually prescribed to adults for managing insomnia. Your doctor may prescribe it if you are suffering from the following sleep issues:
- Trouble falling asleep
- Difficulty staying asleep
- Disturbed sleep due to repeated wakefulness
- Short-term sleep problems (often due to stress, anxiety, travel fatigue, or jet lag)
If your sleep issues are ongoing, your doctor may consider recommending this option to you. However, they will first assess your overall health, medical history, and current medicines.
Usage of Eszopiclone
Your doctor will advise you on the right way to take this medicine. However, the general administration guidelines include:
- You should take eszopiclone just before going to bed.
- It is taken once daily, usually at night.
- Make sure you can sleep for at least 7 to 8 hours. Otherwise, you may still feel drowsy the next day.
- It is best not to take it after a heavy meal. This can slow down how quickly it works.
- Always follow your prescribed dose. Do not take more, even if you feel it is not working straight away.
- Do not take this medicine if you are drinking alcohol. This combination can increase the risk of side effects and affect your safety.
- Treatment is usually recommended for short periods, typically 2 to 4 weeks, including gradual dose reduction.
Who Should Avoid Eszopiclone
This medicine is not suitable for everyone. Therefore, it should be used with caution, especially if you have a history of the following conditions:
- If you have a history of substance misuse, it may not be recommended.
- You should also be cautious if you have severe liver problems. In such cases, your doctor may suggest alternatives.
- If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, speak to your doctor before taking this medicine. A careful risk-benefit review is needed.
- It is also important to mention any other medicines you take. Some medicines may interact with eszopiclone.
Safety Considerations and Side Effects
| Recommended Action | Potential Consequences |
| Do not drive or operate machinery if you feel sleepy | It can impair your ability to drive safely |
| Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medicine | This combination can increase the risk of drowsiness and dizziness |
| Use the medicine only as prescribed and for the advised duration | Misuse or prolonged use can increase the risk of dependence |
| Speak to your doctor before stopping the medicine | Stopping suddenly may lead to withdrawal symptoms |
| Inform your doctor if you are taking other CNS-active medicines | This may increase sedation and other central nervous system side effects |
Although not everyone experiences these side effects, the following may occur with this medication:
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Dry mouth
- Headache
The following are rare but serious effects that require immediate medical help:
- Unusual behaviours like sleepwalking or doing things without full awareness
- Hallucinations
Safety tip: Consult your doctor right away if you experience any new or concerning symptoms.
Eszopiclone vs Zopiclone
Similarities
- Both are Z-drugs (non-benzodiazepine hypnotics)
- Both act on GABA receptors to calm brain activity
- Typically prescribed for short-term use in the UK
- Require medical supervision and prescription
Differences between Eszopiclone and Zopiclone
| Feature | Eszopiclone | Zopiclone |
| Composition | Active isomer (more targeted component) | Racemic mixture (active + inactive components) |
| Action profile | More refined and selective in action | Broader action due to mixed components |
| Sleep maintenance | May support more consistent sleep through the night | Effective, but may wear off earlier in some people |
| Onset vs duration balance | Balanced effect on sleep onset and maintenance | Strong for sleep onset; duration may vary |
| Clinical use (UK) | Less commonly prescribed | More widely used as a first-line option |
| Patient suitability | May suit those needing sustained sleep support | Often first choice; adjusted based on response |
Sleep Hygiene Tips
The following sleep habits may increase the effectiveness of this medicine:
- Try to go to bed at the same time each night
- Avoid screens before sleep
- Limit caffeine, especially in the evening
- Keep your bedroom quiet, dark, and comfortable
FAQs
Q1: How long does eszopiclone take to work?
A: It usually starts showing effects within 30 to 60 minutes.
Q2: Is it safe to use eszopiclone for a long duration?
A: It is mainly for short-term use. However, your doctor may decide to recommend it for a long duration only after a thorough review.
Q3: Is eszopiclone addictive?
A: It can be if not used properly. Therefore, it is recommended for short-term use.
Q4: Is it safe to take it every night?
A: Only if your doctor advises it. Do not increase frequency on your own.
Disclaimer
- This content is for informational purposes only.
- It does not constitute medical advice.
- Always consult your doctor before starting any treatment for insomnia.
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Medically Reviewed by:
Dr Kanika Raina, BDS, MBA (Hospital & Healthcare Management)
Medical Content Specialist & Clinical Reviewer
References & Sources
- Kripke DF, Langer RD, Kline LE. Hypnotics’ association with mortality or cancer: a matched cohort study. Clin Interv Aging. 2016;11:13-22. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/cia.S12159913
- Eszopiclone 1 mg, 2 mg and 3 mg tablets – Patient Information Leaflet (PIL). Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC); [cited 2026 April 01]. Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.100419.pdf
- Eszopiclone. British National Formulary (BNF) Online. NICE; [cited 2026 April 01]. Available from: https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drugs/eszopiclone/
- Eszopiclone – NHS Digital dm+d browser. NHS Business Services Authority. [cited 2026 April 01]. Available from: https://dmd-browser.nhsbsa.nhs.uk/ampp/view/206067?ref=
- Eszopiclone Drug Information. Drugs.com. [cited 2026 April 01]. Available from: https://www.drugs.com/eszopiclone.html






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